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curl(1)





NAME

       curl - transfer a URL


SYNOPSIS

       curl [options] [URL...]


DESCRIPTION

       curl  is  a tool to transfer data from or to a server, using one of the
       supported protocols (HTTP, HTTPS, FTP, FTPS, TFTP, GOPHER,  DICT,  TEL-
       NET, LDAP or FILE). The command is designed to work without user inter-
       action.

       curl offers a busload of useful tricks like proxy support, user authen-
       tication,  ftp  upload,  HTTP  post, SSL (https:) connections, cookies,
       file transfer resume and more. As you will see  below,  the  amount  of
       features will make your head spin!

       curl  is  powered  by  libcurl  for  all transfer-related features. See
       libcurl(3) for details.


URL

       The URL syntax is protocol dependent. You'll find a  detailed  descrip-
       tion in RFC 2396.

       You  can  specify  multiple  URLs or parts of URLs by writing part sets
       within braces as in:

        http://site.{one,two,three}.com

       or you can get sequences of alphanumeric series by using [] as in:

        ftp://ftp.numericals.com/file[1-100].txt
        ftp://ftp.numericals.com/file[001-100].txt    (with leading zeros)
        ftp://ftp.letters.com/file[a-z].txt

       No nesting of the sequences is supported at the moment, but you can use
       several ones next to each other:

        http://any.org/archive[1996-1999]/vol[1-4]/part{a,b,c}.html

       You  can  specify  any amount of URLs on the command line. They will be
       fetched in a sequential manner in the specified order.

       Since curl 7.15.1 you can also specify step counter for the ranges,  so
       that you can get every Nth number or letter:

        http://www.numericals.com/file[1-100:10].txt
        http://www.letters.com/file[a-z:2].txt

       If  you  specify  URL  without protocol:// prefix, curl will attempt to
       guess what protocol you might want. It will then default  to  HTTP  but
       try  other  protocols based on often-used host name prefixes. For exam-
       ple, for host names starting with "ftp." curl will assume you  want  to
       speak FTP.

       Curl will attempt to re-use connections for multiple file transfers, so
       that getting many files from the same server will not do multiple  con-
       nects / handshakes. This improves speed. Of course this is only done on
       files specified on a single command line and  cannot  be  used  between
       separate curl invokes.


OPTIONS

       -a/--append
              (FTP)  When used in an FTP upload, this will tell curl to append
              to the target file  instead  of  overwriting  it.  If  the  file
              doesn't exist, it will be created.

              If this option is used twice, the second one will disable append
              mode again.

       -A/--user-agent <agent string>
              (HTTP) Specify the User-Agent string to send to the HTTP server.
              Some  badly  done CGIs fail if its not set to "Mozilla/4.0".  To
              encode blanks in the string, surround  the  string  with  single
              quote  marks.   This can also be set with the -H/--header option
              of course.

              If this option is set more than once, the last one will  be  the
              one that's used.

       --anyauth
              (HTTP) Tells curl to figure out authentication method by itself,
              and use the most secure one the remote site claims it  supports.
              This is done by first doing a request and checking the response-
              headers, thus inducing an extra network round-trip. This is used
              instead  of  setting a specific authentication method, which you
              can do with --basic, --digest, --ntlm, and  --negotiate.  (Added
              in 7.10.6)

              Note  that  using --anyauth is not recommended if you do uploads
              from stdin, since it may require data to be sent twice and  then
              the client must be able to rewind. If the need should arise when
              uploading from stdin, the upload operation will fail.

              If this option is used several times, the following  occurrences
              make no difference.

       -b/--cookie <name=data>
              (HTTP)  Pass the data to the HTTP server as a cookie. It is sup-
              posedly the data previously received from the server in a  "Set-
              Cookie:"  line.  The data should be in the format "NAME1=VALUE1;
              NAME2=VALUE2".

              If no '=' letter is used in the line, it is treated as  a  file-
              name  to  use to read previously stored cookie lines from, which
              should be used in this session if they match. Using this  method
              also  activates  the "cookie parser" which will make curl record
              incoming cookies too, which may be handy if you're using this in
              combination  with  the  -L/--location option. The file format of
              the file to read cookies from should be plain  HTTP  headers  or
              the Netscape/Mozilla cookie file format.

              NOTE  that  the  file specified with -b/--cookie is only used as
              input. No cookies will be stored in the file. To store  cookies,
              use  the  -c/--cookie-jar option or you could even save the HTTP
              headers to a file using -D/--dump-header!

              If this option is set more than once, the last one will  be  the
              one that's used.

       -B/--use-ascii
              Enable  ASCII transfer when using FTP or LDAP. For FTP, this can
              also be enforced by using an URL that ends with ";type=A".  This
              option  causes  data sent to stdout to be in text mode for win32
              systems.

              If this option is used twice, the second one will disable  ASCII
              usage.

       --basic
              (HTTP)  Tells curl to use HTTP Basic authentication. This is the
              default and this option is usually pointless, unless you use  it
              to  override  a  previously  set  option  that  sets a different
              authentication method (such as --ntlm,  --digest  and  --negoti-
              ate). (Added in 7.10.6)

              If  this option is used several times, the following occurrences
              make no difference.

       --ciphers <list of ciphers>
              (SSL) Specifies which ciphers to use in the connection. The list
              of  ciphers  must  be using valid ciphers. Read up on SSL cipher
              list          details           on           this           URL:
              http://www.openssl.org/docs/apps/ciphers.html

              If this option is used several times, the last one will override
              the others.

       --compressed
              (HTTP) Request a compressed response using one of the algorithms
              libcurl supports, and return the uncompressed document.  If this
              option is used and the server  sends  an  unsupported  encoding,
              Curl will report an error.

              If  this option is used several times, each occurrence will tog-
              gle it on/off.

       --connect-timeout <seconds>
              Maximum time in seconds that you allow  the  connection  to  the
              server  to  take.   This  only limits the connection phase, once
              curl has connected this option is of no more use. See  also  the
              -m/--max-time option.

              If this option is used several times, the last one will be used.

       -c/--cookie-jar <file name>
              Specify to which file you want curl to write all cookies after a
              completed  operation.  Curl  writes  all cookies previously read
              from a specified file as  well  as  all  cookies  received  from
              remote server(s). If no cookies are known, no file will be writ-
              ten. The file will be written using  the  Netscape  cookie  file
              format.  If  you  set  the  file name to a single dash, "-", the
              cookies will be written to stdout.

              NOTE If the cookie jar can't be created or written to, the whole
              curl operation won't fail or even report an error clearly. Using
              -v will get a warning displayed, but that is  the  only  visible
              feedback you get about this possibly lethal situation.

              If  this  option  is used several times, the last specified file
              name will be used.

       -C/--continue-at <offset>
              Continue/Resume a previous file transfer at  the  given  offset.
              The  given  offset  is  the  exact  number of bytes that will be
              skipped counted from the beginning of the source file before  it
              is  transferred  to  the destination.  If used with uploads, the
              ftp server command SIZE will not be used by curl.

              Use "-C -" to tell curl to automatically find out  where/how  to
              resume  the  transfer. It then uses the given output/input files
              to figure that out.

              If this option is used several times, the last one will be used.

       --create-dirs
              When  used  in  conjunction with the -o option, curl will create
              the necessary local directory hierarchy as needed.  This  option
              creates  the dirs mentioned with the -o option, nothing else. If
              the -o file name uses no dir or if the dirs it mentions  already
              exist, no dir will be created.

              To  create  remote directories when using FTP, try --ftp-create-
              dirs.

       --crlf (FTP) Convert LF to CRLF in upload. Useful for MVS (OS/390).

              If this option is used twice, the second will again disable crlf
              converting.

       -d/--data <data>
              (HTTP)  Sends  the  specified data in a POST request to the HTTP
              server, in a way that can emulate as if a user has filled  in  a
              HTML  form  and pressed the submit button. Note that the data is
              sent exactly as specified with no  extra  processing  (with  all
              newlines  cut  off).   The data is expected to be "url-encoded".
              This will cause curl to pass the data to the  server  using  the
              content-type   application/x-www-form-urlencoded.   Compare   to
              -F/--form. If this option is used more than  once  on  the  same
              command  line, the data pieces specified will be merged together
              with a separating  &-letter.  Thus,  using  '-d  name=daniel  -d
              skill=lousy'  would  generate  a  post  chunk  that  looks  like
              'name=daniel&skill=lousy'.

              If you start the data with the letter @, the rest  should  be  a
              file  name  to read the data from, or - if you want curl to read
              the data from stdin.  The contents of the file must  already  be
              url-encoded.  Multiple files can also be specified. Posting data
              from a file named 'foobar' would thus be done with --data  @foo-
              bar".

              To  post  data purely binary, you should instead use the --data-
              binary option.

              -d/--data is the same as --data-ascii.

              If this option is used several times,  the  ones  following  the
              first will append data.

       --data-ascii <data>
              (HTTP) This is an alias for the -d/--data option.

              If  this  option  is  used several times, the ones following the
              first will append data.

       --data-binary <data>
              (HTTP) This posts data in a similar manner as --data-ascii does,
              although when using this option the entire context of the posted
              data is kept as-is. If you want to post a  binary  file  without
              the  strip-newlines  feature of the --data-ascii option, this is
              for you.

              If this option is used several times,  the  ones  following  the
              first will append data.

       --digest
              (HTTP) Enables HTTP Digest authentication. This is a authentica-
              tion that prevents the password from being sent over the wire in
              clear  text.  Use  this in combination with the normal -u/--user
              option to set user name and password. See also --ntlm, --negoti-
              ate and --anyauth for related options. (Added in curl 7.10.6)

              If  this option is used several times, the following occurrences
              make no difference.

       --disable-eprt
              (FTP) Tell curl to disable the use of the EPRT and LPRT commands
              when doing active FTP transfers. Curl will normally always first
              attempt to use EPRT, then LPRT before using PORT, but with  this
              option,  it  will  use PORT right away. EPRT and LPRT are exten-
              sions to the original FTP protocol, may not work on all  servers
              but  enable  more  functionality in a better way than the tradi-
              tional PORT command. (Added in 7.10.5)

              If this option is used several times, each occurrence will  tog-
              gle this on/off.

       --disable-epsv
              (FTP)  Tell  curl  to  disable  the use of the EPSV command when
              doing passive FTP transfers. Curl  will  normally  always  first
              attempt  to  use EPSV before PASV, but with this option, it will
              not try using EPSV.

              If this option is used several times, each occurrence will  tog-
              gle this on/off.

       -D/--dump-header <file>
              Write the protocol headers to the specified file.

              This  option  is handy to use when you want to store the headers
              that a HTTP site sends to you. Cookies from  the  headers  could
              then  be  read  in a second curl invoke by using the -b/--cookie
              option! The -c/--cookie-jar option is however a  better  way  to
              store cookies.

              When  used  on FTP, the ftp server response lines are considered
              being "headers" and thus are saved there.

              If this option is used several times, the last one will be used.

       -e/--referer <URL>
              (HTTP)  Sends the "Referer Page" information to the HTTP server.
              This can also be set with the -H/--header flag of course.   When
              used  with  -L/--location  you can append ";auto" to the referer
              URL to make curl automatically set the previous URL when it fol-
              lows  a  Location: header. The ";auto" string can be used alone,
              even if you don't set an initial referer.

              If this option is used several times, the last one will be used.

       --engine <name>
              Select  the  OpenSSL crypto engine to use for cipher operations.
              Use --engine list  to  print  a  list  of  build-time  supported
              engines.  Note  that  not  all  (or  none) of the engines may be
              available at run-time.

       --environment
              (RISC OS ONLY) Sets a range of environment variables, using  the
              names the -w option supports, to easier allow extraction of use-
              ful information after having run curl.

              If this option is used several times, each occurrence will  tog-
              gle this on/off.

       --egd-file <file>
              (HTTPS)  Specify  the  path name to the Entropy Gathering Daemon
              socket. The socket is used to seed the  random  engine  for  SSL
              connections. See also the --random-file option.

       -E/--cert <certificate[:password]>
              (HTTPS)  Tells  curl  to use the specified certificate file when
              getting a file with HTTPS. The certificate must be in  PEM  for-
              mat.   If  the  optional  password  isn't  specified, it will be
              queried for on the terminal. Note that this certificate  is  the
              private key and the private certificate concatenated!

              If this option is used several times, the last one will be used.

       --cert-type <type>
              (SSL) Tells curl what certificate type the provided  certificate
              is in. PEM, DER and ENG are recognized types.

              If this option is used several times, the last one will be used.

       --cacert <CA certificate>
              (HTTPS) Tells curl to use the specified certificate file to ver-
              ify the peer. The file may contain multiple CA certificates. The
              certificate(s) must be in PEM format.

              curl recognizes the environment variable named  'CURL_CA_BUNDLE'
              if  that  is set, and uses the given path as a path to a CA cert
              bundle. This option overrides that variable.

              The windows version of curl will automatically  look  for  a  CA
              certs file named 'curl-ca-bundle.crt', either in the same direc-
              tory as curl.exe, or in the Current Working Directory, or in any
              folder along your PATH.

              If this option is used several times, the last one will be used.

       --capath <CA certificate directory>
              (HTTPS) Tells curl to use the specified certificate directory to
              verify the peer. The certificates must be in PEM format, and the
              directory must have been processed using  the  c_rehash  utility
              supplied  with  openssl.  Using  --capath can allow curl to make
              https connections much more efficiently than using  --cacert  if
              the --cacert file contains many CA certificates.

              If this option is used several times, the last one will be used.

       -f/--fail
              (HTTP) Fail silently (no output at all) on server  errors.  This
              is  mostly done like this to better enable scripts etc to better
              deal with failed attempts. In normal cases when  a  HTTP  server
              fails  to deliver a document, it returns a HTML document stating
              so (which often also describes why and  more).  This  flag  will
              prevent curl from outputting that and fail silently instead.

              If  this  option  is  used  twice, the second will again disable
              silent failure.

       --ftp-account [data]
              (FTP) When an FTP server asks for "account data" after user name
              and  password has been provided, this data is sent off using the
              ACCT command. (Added in 7.13.0)

              If this option is used twice, the second will override the  pre-
              vious use.

       --ftp-create-dirs
              (FTP)  When  an  FTP URL/operation uses a path that doesn't cur-
              rently exist on the server, the standard behavior of curl is  to
              fail.  Using  this  option,  curl will instead attempt to create
              missing directories. (Added in 7.10.7)

              If this option is used twice,  the  second  will  again  disable
              silent failure.

       --ftp-pasv
              (FTP)  Use  PASV when transferring. PASV is the internal default
              behavior, but using this option can be used to override a previ-
              ous --ftp-port option. (Added in 7.11.0)

              If  this  option  is  used  twice, the second will again disable
              silent failure.

       --ftp-skip-pasv-ip
              (FTP) Tell curl to not use the IP address the server suggests in
              its  response to curl's PASV command when curl connects the data
              connection. Instead curl will re-use  the  same  IP  address  it
              already uses for the control connection. (Added in 7.14.2)

              This  option has no effect if PORT, EPRT or EPSV is used instead
              of PASV.

              If this option is used twice,  the  second  will  again  disable
              silent failure.

       --ftp-ssl
              (FTP)  Make  the FTP connection switch to use SSL/TLS. (Added in
              7.11.0)

              If this option is used twice,  the  second  will  again  disable
              this.

       -F/--form <name=content>
              (HTTP)  This  lets curl emulate a filled in form in which a user
              has pressed the submit button. This causes  curl  to  POST  data
              using the Content-Type multipart/form-data according to RFC1867.
              This enables uploading of binary files etc. To force  the  'con-
              tent' part to be a file, prefix the file name with an @ sign. To
              just get the content part from a file, prefix the file name with
              the  letter  <.  The  difference  between @ and < is then that @
              makes a file get attached in the post as a  file  upload,  while
              the < makes a text field and just get the contents for that text
              field from a file.

              Example, to send your password file to the server, where  'pass-
              word' is the name of the form-field to which /etc/passwd will be
              the input:

              curl -F password=@/etc/passwd www.mypasswords.com

              To read the file's content from stdin instead of a file,  use  -
              where  the  file name should've been. This goes for both @ and <
              constructs.

              You can also  tell  curl  what  Content-Type  to  use  by  using
              'type=', in a manner similar to:

              curl -F "web=@index.html;type=text/html" url.com

              or

              curl -F "name=daniel;type=text/foo" url.com

              You  can also explicitly change the name field of an file upload
              part by setting filename=, like this:

              curl -F "file=@localfile;filename=nameinpost" url.com

              See further examples and details in the MANUAL.

              This option can be used multiple times.

       --form-string <name=string>
              (HTTP) Similar to --form except that the value  string  for  the
              named  parameter  is used literally. Leading '@' and '<' charac-
              ters, and the ';type=' string in the value have no special mean-
              ing. Use this in preference to --form if there's any possibility
              that the string value may accidentally trigger the  '@'  or  '<'
              features of --form.

       -g/--globoff
              This option switches off the "URL globbing parser". When you set
              this option, you can specify URLs that contain the letters  {}[]
              without  having them being interpreted by curl itself. Note that
              these letters are not normal legal URL contents but they  should
              be encoded according to the URI standard.

       -G/--get
              When  used,  this  option  will  make  all  data  specified with
              -d/--data or --data-binary to be used  in  a  HTTP  GET  request
              instead  of  the  POST request that otherwise would be used. The
              data will be appended to the URL with a '?'  separator.

              If used in combination with -I, the POST data  will  instead  be
              appended to the URL with a HEAD request.

              If used multiple times, nothing special happens.

       -h/--help
              Usage help.

       -H/--header <header>
              (HTTP)  Extra  header  to  use  when getting a web page. You may
              specify any number of extra headers. Note that if you should add
              a  custom  header  that has the same name as one of the internal
              ones curl would use, your externally set  header  will  be  used
              instead of the internal one. This allows you to make even trick-
              ier stuff than curl would normally do. You  should  not  replace
              internally  set  headers  without  knowing  perfectly  well what
              you're doing. Replacing an internal header with one without con-
              tent  on  the  right  side of the colon will prevent that header
              from appearing.

              curl will make sure that each header you  add/replace  get  sent
              with the proper end of line marker, you should thus not add that
              as a part of the header content: do not add newlines or carriage
              returns they will only mess things up for you.

              See also the -A/--user-agent and -e/--referer options.

              This  option  can  be  used multiple times to add/replace/remove
              multiple headers.

       --ignore-content-length
              (HTTP) Ignore the Content-Length header.  This  is  particularly
              useful  for servers running Apache 1.x, which will report incor-
              rect Content-Length for files larger than 2 gigabytes.

       -i/--include
              (HTTP) Include the HTTP-header in the  output.  The  HTTP-header
              includes  things  like  server-name, date of the document, HTTP-
              version and more...

              If this option is used twice,  the  second  will  again  disable
              header include.

       --interface <name>
              Perform  an operation using a specified interface. You can enter
              interface name, IP address or host name. An example  could  look
              like:

               curl --interface eth0:1 http://www.netscape.com/

              If this option is used several times, the last one will be used.

       -I/--head
              (HTTP/FTP/FILE) Fetch the HTTP-header only! HTTP-servers feature
              the  command  HEAD which this uses to get nothing but the header
              of a document. When used on a FTP or FILE  file,  curl  displays
              the file size and last modification time only.

              If  this  option  is  used  twice, the second will again disable
              header only.

       -j/--junk-session-cookies
              (HTTP) When curl is told to read cookies from a given file, this
              option  will  make  it  discard all "session cookies". This will
              basically have the same effect as if a new session  is  started.
              Typical  browsers  always  discard  session cookies when they're
              closed down. (Added in 7.9.7)

              If this option is used several times, each occurrence will  tog-
              gle this on/off.

       -k/--insecure
              (SSL)  This  option explicitly allows curl to perform "insecure"
              SSL connections and transfers. Starting with curl 7.10, all  SSL
              connections  will be attempted to be made secure by using the CA
              certificate bundle installed by default. This makes all  connec-
              tions  considered  "insecure"  to  fail  unless -k/--insecure is
              used.

              If this option is used twice, the second time will again disable
              it.

       --key <key>
              (SSL)  Private key file name. Allows you to provide your private
              key in this separate file.

              If this option is used several times, the last one will be used.

       --key-type <type>
              (SSL)  Private key file type. Specify which type your --key pro-
              vided private key is. DER, PEM and ENG are supported.

              If this option is used several times, the last one will be used.

       --krb4 <level>
              (FTP) Enable kerberos4 authentication and use. The level must be
              entered and should be one of 'clear', 'safe', 'confidential'  or
              'private'.  Should  you  use  a  level that is not one of these,
              'private' will instead be used.

              This option requires that the library was built  with  kerberos4
              support.  This  is  not  very common. Use -V/--version to see if
              your curl supports it.

              If this option is used several times, the last one will be used.

       -K/--config <config file>
              Specify  which config file to read curl arguments from. The con-
              fig file is a text file in which command line arguments  can  be
              written  which  then will be used as if they were written on the
              actual command line. Options and their parameters must be speci-
              fied  on  the same config file line. If the parameter is to con-
              tain white spaces, the parameter must be inclosed within quotes.
              If  the  first  column  of a config line is a '#' character, the
              rest of the line will be treated as a comment.

              Specify the filename as '-' to make  curl  read  the  file  from
              stdin.

              Note  that  to  be able to specify a URL in the config file, you
              need to specify it using the --url option,  and  not  by  simply
              writing  the  URL  on its own line. So, it could look similar to
              this:

              url = "http://curl.haxx.se/docs/"

              This option can be used multiple times.

              When curl is invoked, it always (unless -q is used) checks for a
              default  config  file  and  uses it if found. The default config
              file is checked for in the following places in this order:

              1) curl tries to find the "home dir": It first  checks  for  the
              CURL_HOME and then the HOME environment variables. Failing that,
              it uses getpwuid() on unix-like systems (which returns the  home
              dir  given the current user in your system). On Windows, it then
              checks for the APPDATA variable, or as a last resort the '%USER-
              PROFILE%0lication Data'.

              2)  On  windows, if there is no _curlrc file in the home dir, it
              checks for one in the same dir the executable curl is placed. On
              unix-like  systems,  it will simply try to load .curlrc from the
              determined home dir.

       --limit-rate <speed>
              Specify the maximum transfer rate you want  curl  to  use.  This
              feature is useful if you have a limited pipe and you'd like your
              transfer not use your entire bandwidth.

              The given speed is measured in bytes/second, unless a suffix  is
              appended.   Appending  'k' or 'K' will count the number as kilo-
              bytes, 'm' or M' makes it megabytes while 'g' or  'G'  makes  it
              gigabytes. Examples: 200K, 3m and 1G.

              If  you  are also using the -Y/--speed-limit option, that option
              will  take  precedence  and  might  cripple  the   rate-limiting
              slightly, to help keeping the speed-limit logic working.

              This option was introduced in curl 7.10.

              If this option is used several times, the last one will be used.

       -l/--list-only
              (FTP) When listing an FTP directory, this switch forces a  name-
              only  view.   Especially useful if you want to machine-parse the
              contents of an FTP directory since  the  normal  directory  view
              doesn't use a standard look or format.

              This  option  causes  an  FTP NLST command to be sent.  Some FTP
              servers list only files in their response to NLST; they  do  not
              include subdirectories and symbolic links.

              If this option is used twice, the second will again disable list
              only.

       -L/--location
              (HTTP/HTTPS) If the server reports that the requested page has a
              different  location  (indicated  with the header line Location:)
              this flag will let curl attempt to reattempt the get on the  new
              place.  If used together with -i/--include or -I/--head, headers
              from all requested pages will be  shown.  If  authentication  is
              used,  curl  will only send its credentials to the initial host,
              so if a redirect takes curl to a different host, it won't inter-
              cept  the  user+password.  See also --location-trusted on how to
              change this.

              If this option is used twice,  the  second  will  again  disable
              location following.

       --location-trusted
              (HTTP/HTTPS) Like -L/--location, but will allow sending the name
              + password to all hosts that the site may redirect to. This  may
              or may not introduce a security breach if the site redirects you
              do a site to which you'll send your authentication  info  (which
              is plaintext in the case of HTTP Basic authentication).

              If  this  option  is  used  twice, the second will again disable
              location following.

       --max-filesize <bytes>
              Specify the maximum size (in bytes) of a file  to  download.  If
              the  file requested is larger than this value, the transfer will
              not start and curl will return with exit code 63.

              NOTE: The file size is not always known prior to  download,  and
              for such files this option has no effect even if the file trans-
              fer ends up being larger than this given  limit.  This  concerns
              both FTP and HTTP transfers.

       -m/--max-time <seconds>
              Maximum  time  in  seconds that you allow the whole operation to
              take.  This is useful for preventing your batch jobs from  hang-
              ing  for  hours  due  to slow networks or links going down.  See
              also the --connect-timeout option.

              If this option is used several times, the last one will be used.

       -M/--manual
              Manual. Display the huge help text.

       -n/--netrc
              Makes curl scan the .netrc file in the user's home directory for
              login name and password. This is typically used for ftp on unix.
              If  used  with  http,  curl will enable user authentication. See
              netrc(4) or ftp(1) for details on the file format. Curl will not
              complain  if  that  file hasn't the right permissions (it should
              not be world  nor  group  readable).  The  environment  variable
              "HOME" is used to find the home directory.

              A  quick  and  very  simple  example of how to setup a .netrc to
              allow curl to ftp to the machine host.domain.com with user  name
              'myself' and password 'secret' should look similar to:

              machine host.domain.com login myself password secret

              If  this  option  is  used  twice, the second will again disable
              netrc usage.

       --netrc-optional
              Very similar to --netrc, but this option makes the .netrc  usage
              optional and not mandatory as the --netrc does.

       --negotiate
              (HTTP)  Enables  GSS-Negotiate authentication. The GSS-Negotiate
              method was designed by Microsoft and is used in their web appli-
              cations.  It  is  primarily  meant  as  a  support for Kerberos5
              authentication but may be also used along with another authenti-
              cation  methods.  For  more  information  see  IETF draft draft-
              brezak-spnego-http-04.txt. (Added in 7.10.6)

              This option requires that the library was built with GSSAPI sup-
              port.  This  is not very common. Use -V/--version to see if your
              version supports GSS-Negotiate.

              When using this option, you must also provide a  fake  -u/--user
              option  to  activate the authentication code properly. Sending a
              '-u :' is enough as the user  name  and  password  from  the  -u
              option aren't actually used.

              If  this option is used several times, the following occurrences
              make no difference.

       -N/--no-buffer
              Disables the buffering of the output stream. In normal work sit-
              uations,  curl  will  use a standard buffered output stream that
              will have the effect that it will output the data in chunks, not
              necessarily  exactly  when  the data arrives.  Using this option
              will disable that buffering.

              If this option is used twice, the second will  again  switch  on
              buffering.

       --ntlm (HTTP)  Enables  NTLM  authentication.  The  NTLM authentication
              method was designed by Microsoft and is used by IIS web servers.
              It is a proprietary protocol, reversed engineered by clever peo-
              ple and implemented in curl based on their efforts. This kind of
              behavior  should  not be endorsed, you should encourage everyone
              who uses NTLM to switch to a public and  documented  authentica-
              tion method instead. Such as Digest. (Added in 7.10.6)

              If  you  want to enable NTLM for your proxy authentication, then
              use --proxy-ntlm.

              This option requires that the library was built  with  SSL  sup-
              port. Use -V/--version to see if your curl supports NTLM.

              If  this option is used several times, the following occurrences
              make no difference.

       -o/--output <file>
              Write output to <file> instead of stdout. If you are using {} or
              []  to  fetch  multiple documents, you can use '#' followed by a
              number in the <file> specifier. That variable will  be  replaced
              with the current string for the URL being fetched. Like in:

                curl http://{one,two}.site.com -o "file_#1.txt"

              or use several variables like:

                curl http://{site,host}.host[1-5].com -o "#1_#2"

              You  may  use  this  option  as many times as you have number of
              URLs.

              See also the --create-dirs option to create the  local  directo-
              ries dynamically.

       -O/--remote-name
              Write  output to a local file named like the remote file we get.
              (Only the file part of the remote file is used, the path is  cut
              off.)

              The  remote  file  name  to use for saving is extracted from the
              given URL.  Nothing else

              You may use this option as many times  as  you  have  number  of
              URLs.

       --pass <phrase>
              (SSL) Pass phrase for the private key

              If this option is used several times, the last one will be used.

       --proxy-anyauth
              Tells curl to pick a suitable authentication method when  commu-
              nicating  with  the  given  proxy.  This  will  cause  an  extra
              request/response round-trip. Added in curl 7.13.2.

              If this option is used twice, the second will again disable  the
              proxy use-any authentication.

       --proxy-basic
              Tells  curl  to use HTTP Basic authentication when communicating
              with the given proxy. Use --basic for enabling HTTP Basic with a
              remote  host.  Basic  is  the default authentication method curl
              uses with proxies.

              If this option is used twice,  the  second  will  again  disable
              proxy HTTP Basic authentication.

       --proxy-digest
              Tells  curl to use HTTP Digest authentication when communicating
              with the given proxy. Use --digest for enabling HTTP Digest with
              a remote host.

              If  this  option  is  used  twice, the second will again disable
              proxy HTTP Digest.

       --proxy-ntlm
              Tells curl to use HTTP NTLM  authentication  when  communicating
              with the given proxy. Use --ntlm for enabling NTLM with a remote
              host.

              If this option is used twice,  the  second  will  again  disable
              proxy HTTP NTLM.

       -p/--proxytunnel
              When  an HTTP proxy is used (-x/--proxy), this option will cause
              non-HTTP protocols  to  attempt  to  tunnel  through  the  proxy
              instead  of merely using it to do HTTP-like operations. The tun-
              nel approach is made with the HTTP  proxy  CONNECT  request  and
              requires that the proxy allows direct connect to the remote port
              number curl wants to tunnel through to.

              If this option is used twice,  the  second  will  again  disable
              proxy tunnel.

       -P/--ftp-port <address>
              (FTP) Reverses the initiator/listener roles when connecting with
              ftp. This switch makes Curl use  the  PORT  command  instead  of
              PASV.  In  practice,  PORT  tells  the  server to connect to the
              client's specified address and port, while PASV asks the  server
              for  an  ip  address and port to connect to. <address> should be
              one of:

              interface
                     i.e "eth0" to specify which interface's  IP  address  you
                     want to use  (Unix only)

              IP address
                     i.e "192.168.10.1" to specify exact IP number

              host name
                     i.e "my.host.domain" to specify machine

              -      (any  single-letter string) to make it pick the machine's
                     default

       If this option is used several times, the last one will be  used.  Dis-
       able  the  use  of PORT with --ftp-pasv. Disable the attempt to use the
       EPRT command instead of PORT by using --disable-eprt.  EPRT  is  really
       PORT++.

       -q     If  used  as the first parameter on the command line, the curlrc
              config file will not be read and used. See the  -K/--config  for
              details on the default config file search path.

       -Q/--quote <command>
              (FTP)  Send an arbitrary command to the remote FTP server. Quote
              commands are sent BEFORE the  transfer  is  taking  place  (just
              after  the  initial  PWD  command to be exact). To make commands
              take place after a successful transfer, prefix them with a  dash
              '-'. To make commands get sent after libcurl has changed working
              directory, just before the transfer command(s), prefix the  com-
              mand  with  '+'.  You may specify any amount of commands. If the
              server returns failure for one of the commands, the entire oper-
              ation  will  be aborted. You must send syntactically correct FTP
              commands as RFC959 defines.

              This option can be used multiple times.

       --random-file <file>
              (HTTPS) Specify the path name to file containing  what  will  be
              considered  as  random data. The data is used to seed the random
              engine for SSL connections.  See also the --egd-file option.

       -r/--range <range>
              (HTTP/FTP) Retrieve a byte range (i.e a partial document) from a
              HTTP/1.1  or  FTP server. Ranges can be specified in a number of
              ways.

              0-499     specifies the first 500 bytes

              500-999   specifies the second 500 bytes

              -500      specifies the last 500 bytes

              9500-     specifies the bytes from offset 9500 and forward

              0-0,-1    specifies the first and last byte only(*)(H)

              500-700,600-799
                        specifies 300 bytes from offset 500(H)

              100-199,500-599
                        specifies two separate 100 bytes ranges(*)(H)

       (*) = NOTE that this will cause the server to reply  with  a  multipart
       response!

       You  should  also  be aware that many HTTP/1.1 servers do not have this
       feature enabled, so that when  you  attempt  to  get  a  range,  you'll
       instead get the whole document.

       FTP  range  downloads  only  support  the  simple  syntax  'start-stop'
       (optionally with one of the numbers omitted). It depends on the non-RFC
       command SIZE.

       If this option is used several times, the last one will be used.

       -R/--remote-time
              When  used,  this  will  make  libcurl attempt to figure out the
              timestamp of the remote file, and if that is available make  the
              local file get that same timestamp.

              If  this  option  is  used  twice, the second time disables this
              again.

       --retry <num>
              If a transient error is returned when curl tries  to  perform  a
              transfer,  it  will retry this number of times before giving up.
              Setting the number to 0 makes curl do no retries (which  is  the
              default).  Transient  error  means either: a timeout, an FTP 5xx
              response code or an HTTP 5xx response code.

              When curl is about to retry a transfer, it will first  wait  one
              second  and  then for all forthcoming retries it will double the
              waiting time until it reaches 10 minutes which then will be  the
              delay  between  the rest of the retries.  By using --retry-delay
              you  disable  this  exponential  backoff  algorithm.  See   also
              --retry-max-time  to  limit  the total time allowed for retries.
              (Option added in 7.12.3)

              If this option is  used  multiple  times,  the  last  occurrence
              decide the amount.

       --retry-delay <seconds>
              Make  curl  sleep  this amount of time between each retry when a
              transfer has failed with  a  transient  error  (it  changes  the
              default  backoff time algorithm between retries). This option is
              only interesting if --retry is also used. Setting this delay  to
              zero will make curl use the default backoff time.  (Option added
              in 7.12.3)

              If this option is  used  multiple  times,  the  last  occurrence
              decide the amount.

       --retry-max-time <seconds>
              The  retry  timer  is  reset  before the first transfer attempt.
              Retries will be done as usual (see --retry) as long as the timer
              hasn't reached this given limit. Notice that if the timer hasn't
              reached the limit, the request will be made and  while  perform-
              ing,  it may take longer than this given time period. To limit a
              single request's maximum  time,  use  -m/--max-time.   Set  this
              option to zero to not timeout retries. (Option added in 7.12.3)

              If  this  option  is  used  multiple  times, the last occurrence
              decide the amount.

       -s/--silent
              Silent mode. Don't show progress meter or error messages.  Makes
              Curl mute.

              If  this  option  is  used  twice, the second will again disable
              mute.

       -S/--show-error
              When used with -s it makes curl show error message if it  fails.

              If this option is used twice, the second will again disable show
              error.

       --socks <host[:port]>
              Use the specified SOCKS5 proxy. If the port number is not speci-
              fied, it is assumed at port 1080. (Option added in 7.11.1)

              This  option  overrides  any previous use of -x/--proxy, as they
              are mutually exclusive.

              If this option is used several times, the last one will be used.

       --stderr <file>
              Redirect  all writes to stderr to the specified file instead. If
              the file name is a plain '-', it is instead written  to  stdout.
              This  option  has no point when you're using a shell with decent
              redirecting capabilities.

              If this option is used several times, the last one will be used.

       --tcp-nodelay
              Turn  on the TCP_NODELAY option. See the curl_easy_setopt(3) man
              page for details about this option. (Added in 7.11.2)

              If this option is used several times,  each  occurrence  toggles
              this on/off.

       -t/--telnet-option <OPT=val>
              Pass options to the telnet protocol. Supported options are:

              TTYPE=<term> Sets the terminal type.

              XDISPLOC=<X display> Sets the X display location.

              NEW_ENV=<var,val> Sets an environment variable.

       -T/--upload-file <file>
              This  transfers  the  specified local file to the remote URL. If
              there is no file part in the specified URL, Curl will append the
              local file name. NOTE that you must use a trailing / on the last
              directory to really prove to Curl that there is no file name  or
              curl will think that your last directory name is the remote file
              name to use. That will most likely cause the upload operation to
              fail.  If this is used on a http(s) server, the PUT command will
              be used.

              Use the file name "-" (a single dash) to use stdin instead of  a
              given file.

              Before 7.10.8, when this option was used several times, the last
              one was used.

              In curl 7.10.8 and later, you can specify one -T for each URL on
              the  command  line.  Each -T + URL pair specifies what to upload
              and to where. curl also supports "globbing" of the -T  argument,
              meaning  that  you  can upload multiple files to a single URL by
              using the same URL globbing style supported  in  the  URL,  like
              this:

              curl -T "{file1,file2}" http://www.uploadtothissite.com

              or even

              curl -T "img[1-1000].png" ftp://ftp.picturemania.com/upload/

       --trace <file>
              Enables  a  full  trace  dump of all incoming and outgoing data,
              including descriptive information, to the given output file. Use
              "-" as filename to have the output sent to stdout.

              If this option is used several times, the last one will be used.
              (Added in 7.9.7)

       --trace-ascii <file>
              Enables a full trace dump of all  incoming  and  outgoing  data,
              including descriptive information, to the given output file. Use
              "-" as filename to have the output sent to stdout.

              This is very similar to --trace, but leaves out the hex part and
              only  shows  the ASCII part of the dump. It makes smaller output
              that might be easier to read for untrained humans.

              If this option is used several times, the last one will be used.
              (Added in 7.9.7)

       --trace-time
              Prepends  a  time  stamp to each trace or verbose line that curl
              displays.

              If this option is used several times, each occurrence will  tog-
              gle it on/off.  (Added in 7.14.0        )

       -u/--user <user:password>
              Specify  user  and  password  to  use for server authentication.
              Overrides -n/--netrc and --netrc-optional.

              If you use an SSPI-enabled curl binary and  do  NTLM  autentica-
              tion,  you  can force curl to pick up the user name and password
              from your environment by simply specifying a single  colon  with
              this option: "-u :".

              If this option is used several times, the last one will be used.

       -U/--proxy-user <user:password>
              Specify user and password to use for proxy authentication.

              If you use an SSPI-enabled curl binary and  do  NTLM  autentica-
              tion,  you  can force curl to pick up the user name and password
              from your environment by simply specifying a single  colon  with
              this option: "-U :".

              If this option is used several times, the last one will be used.

       --url <URL>
              Specify a URL to fetch. This option is  mostly  handy  when  you
              want to specify URL(s) in a config file.

              This  option  may  be used any number of times. To control where
              this URL is written, use the -o/--output or the -O/--remote-name
              options.

       -v/--verbose
              Makes  the  fetching  more  verbose/talkative. Mostly usable for
              debugging. Lines starting with '>' means "header data"  sent  by
              curl, '<' means "header data" received by curl that is hidden in
              normal cases and lines starting with '*' means  additional  info
              provided by curl.

              Note  that  if  you  only  want  HTTP  headers  in  the  output,
              -i/--include might be option you're looking for.

              If you think this option still doesn't give you enough  details,
              consider using --trace or --trace-ascii instead.

              If this option is used twice, the second will again disable ver-
              bose.

       -V/--version
              Displays information about curl and the libcurl version it uses.

              The  first  line  includes the full version of curl, libcurl and
              other 3rd party libraries linked with the executable.

              The second line (starts with "Protocols:") shows  all  protocols
              that libcurl reports to support.

              The third line (starts with "Features:") shows specific features
              libcurl reports to offer. Available features include:

              IPv6   You can use IPv6 with this.

              krb4   Krb4 for ftp is supported.

              SSL    HTTPS and FTPS are supported.

              libz   Automatic decompression of compressed files over HTTP  is
                     supported.

              NTLM   NTLM authentication is supported.

              GSS-Negotiate
                     Negotiate authentication is supported.

              Debug  This  curl  uses a libcurl built with Debug. This enables
                     more error-tracking and memory debugging etc.  For  curl-
                     developers only!

              AsynchDNS
                     This curl uses asynchronous name resolves.

              SPNEGO SPNEGO Negotiate authentication is supported.

              Largefile
                     This curl supports transfers of large files, files larger
                     than 2GB.

              IDN    This curl supports IDN - international domain names.

              SSPI   SSPI is supported. If you use NTLM and set a  blank  user
                     name,  curl  will authenticate with your current user and
                     password.

       -w/--write-out <format>
              Defines what to display on stdout after a completed and success-
              ful  operation.  The  format  is a string that may contain plain
              text mixed with any number of variables. The string can be spec-
              ified  as "string", to get read from a particular file you spec-
              ify it "@filename" and to tell curl  to  read  the  format  from
              stdin you write "@-".

              The  variables  present in the output format will be substituted
              by the value or text that curl thinks fit, as  described  below.
              All  variables are specified like %{variable_name} and to output
              a normal % you just write them like %%. You can output a newline
              by  using \n, a carriage return with \r and a tab space with \t.

              NOTE: The %-letter is a special letter in the win32-environment,
              where  all  occurrences  of  %  must  be doubled when using this
              option.

              Available variables are at this point:

              url_effective  The URL that was fetched  last.  This  is  mostly
                             meaningful  if  you've  told curl to follow loca-
                             tion: headers.

              http_code      The numerical code that was  found  in  the  last
                             retrieved HTTP(S) page.

              http_connect   The  numerical  code  that  was found in the last
                             response  (from  a  proxy)  to  a  curl   CONNECT
                             request. (Added in 7.12.4)

              time_total     The  total time, in seconds, that the full opera-
                             tion lasted. The time will be displayed with mil-
                             lisecond resolution.

              time_namelookup
                             The  time,  in  seconds,  it  took from the start
                             until the name resolving was completed.

              time_connect   The time, in seconds,  it  took  from  the  start
                             until  the  connect to the remote host (or proxy)
                             was completed.

              time_pretransfer
                             The time, in seconds,  it  took  from  the  start
                             until  the  file transfer is just about to begin.
                             This includes all pre-transfer commands and nego-
                             tiations that are specific to the particular pro-
                             tocol(s) involved.

              time_redirect  The time, in seconds, it took for all redirection
                             steps  include  name lookup, connect, pretransfer
                             and  transfer  before   final   transaction   was
                             started.  time_redirect shows the complete execu-
                             tion time for multiple  redirections.  (Added  in
                             7.12.3)

              time_starttransfer
                             The  time,  in  seconds,  it  took from the start
                             until the first byte is just about to  be  trans-
                             ferred.  This  includes time_pretransfer and also
                             the  time  the  server  needs  to  calculate  the
                             result.

              size_download  The total amount of bytes that were downloaded.

              size_upload    The total amount of bytes that were uploaded.

              size_header    The total amount of bytes of the downloaded head-
                             ers.

              size_request   The total amount of bytes that were sent  in  the
                             HTTP request.

              speed_download The average download speed that curl measured for
                             the complete download.

              speed_upload   The average upload speed that curl  measured  for
                             the complete upload.

              content_type   The  Content-Type  of  the requested document, if
                             there was any. (Added in 7.9.5)

              num_connects   Number of new connects made in the recent  trans-
                             fer. (Added in 7.12.3)

              num_redirects  Number  of  redirects  that  were followed in the
                             request. (Added in 7.12.3)

       If this option is used several times, the last one will be used.

       -x/--proxy <proxyhost[:port]>
              Use specified HTTP proxy. If the port number is  not  specified,
              it is assumed at port 1080.

              This  option  overrides existing environment variables that sets
              proxy to use. If  there's  an  environment  variable  setting  a
              proxy, you can set proxy to "" to override it.

              Note  that  all  operations that are performed over a HTTP proxy
              will transparently be converted to HTTP. It means  that  certain
              protocol specific operations might not be available. This is not
              the case if you can tunnel through the proxy, as done  with  the
              -p/--proxytunnel option.

              Starting  with 7.14.1, the proxy host can be specified the exact
              same way as the proxy environment  variables,  include  protocol
              prefix (http://) and embedded user + password.

              If this option is used several times, the last one will be used.

       -X/--request <command>
              (HTTP) Specifies a custom request method to use when communicat-
              ing  with  the  HTTP server.  The specified request will be used
              instead of the method otherwise used (which  defaults  to  GET).
              Read the HTTP 1.1 specification for details and explanations.

              (FTP) Specifies a custom FTP command to use instead of LIST when
              doing file lists with ftp.

              If this option is used several times, the last one will be used.

       -y/--speed-time <time>
              If a download is slower than speed-limit bytes per second during
              a speed-time period, the download gets aborted. If speed-time is
              used, the default speed-limit will be 1 unless set with -y.

              This  option  controls  transfers  and thus will not affect slow
              connects etc. If this is a concern for you, try  the  --connect-
              timeout option.

              If this option is used several times, the last one will be used.

       -Y/--speed-limit <speed>
              If a download is slower than this given speed, in bytes per sec-
              ond,  for  speed-time seconds it gets aborted. speed-time is set
              with -Y and is 30 if not set.

              If this option is used several times, the last one will be used.

       -z/--time-cond <date expression>
              (HTTP)  Request  a  file  that  has been modified later than the
              given time and date, or one that has been modified  before  that
              time. The date expression can be all sorts of date strings or if
              it doesn't match any internal ones, it tries  to  get  the  time
              from  a  given  file  name  instead! See the curl_getdate(3) man
              pages for date expression details.

              Start the date expression with a dash (-) to make it request for
              a  document that is older than the given date/time, default is a
              document that is newer than the specified date/time.

              If this option is used several times, the last one will be used.

       --max-redirs <num>
              Set   maximum   number  of  redirection-followings  allowed.  If
              -L/--location is used, this option can be used to  prevent  curl
              from following redirections "in absurdum". By default, the limit
              is set to 50 redirections. Set this option to -1 to make it lim-
              itless.

              If this option is used several times, the last one will be used.

       -0/--http1.0
              (HTTP) Forces curl to issue its requests using HTTP 1.0  instead
              of using its internally preferred: HTTP 1.1.

       -1/--tlsv1
              (HTTPS) Forces curl to use TSL version 1 when negotiating with a
              remote TLS server.

       -2/--sslv2
              (HTTPS) Forces curl to use SSL version 2 when negotiating with a
              remote SSL server.

       -3/--sslv3
              (HTTPS) Forces curl to use SSL version 3 when negotiating with a
              remote SSL server.

       --3p-quote
              (FTP) Specify arbitrary commands to send to the  source  server.
              See the -Q/--quote option for details. (Added in 7.13.0)

       --3p-url
              (FTP)  Activates  a FTP 3rd party transfer. Specifies the source
              URL to get a file from, while the "normal" URL will be  used  as
              target URL, the file that will be written/created.

              Note  that  not all FTP server allow 3rd party transfers. (Added
              in 7.13.0)

       --3p-user
              (FTP) Specify user:password for the source URL transfer.  (Added
              in 7.13.0)

       -4/--ipv4
              If  libcurl  is  capable  of resolving an address to multiple IP
              versions (which it is if it is ipv6-capable), this option  tells
              libcurl  to  resolve  names  to  IPv4  addresses only. (Added in
              7.10.8)

       -6/--ipv6
              If libcurl is capable of resolving an  address  to  multiple  IP
              versions  (which it is if it is ipv6-capable), this option tells
              libcurl to resolve names  to  IPv6  addresses  only.  (Added  in
              7.10.8)

       -#/--progress-bar
              Make curl display progress information as a progress bar instead
              of the default statistics.

              If this option is used twice, the second will again disable  the
              progress bar.


FILES

       ~/.curlrc
              Default config file.


ENVIRONMENT

       http_proxy [protocol://]<host>[:port]
              Sets proxy server to use for HTTP.

       HTTPS_PROXY [protocol://]<host>[:port]
              Sets proxy server to use for HTTPS.

       FTP_PROXY [protocol://]<host>[:port]
              Sets proxy server to use for FTP.

       GOPHER_PROXY [protocol://]<host>[:port]
              Sets proxy server to use for GOPHER.

       ALL_PROXY [protocol://]<host>[:port]
              Sets proxy server to use if no protocol-specific proxy is set.

       NO_PROXY <comma-separated list of hosts>
              list  of  host names that shouldn't go through any proxy. If set
              to a asterisk '*' only, it matches all hosts.


EXIT CODES

       There exists a bunch of different error codes and  their  corresponding
       error  messages  that  may appear during bad conditions. At the time of
       this writing, the exit codes are:

       1      Unsupported protocol. This build of curl has no support for this
              protocol.

       2      Failed to initialize.

       3      URL malformat. The syntax was not correct.

       4      URL  user  malformatted. The user-part of the URL syntax was not
              correct.

       5      Couldn't resolve proxy.  The  given  proxy  host  could  not  be
              resolved.

       6      Couldn't resolve host. The given remote host was not resolved.

       7      Failed to connect to host.

       8      FTP  weird  server  reply.  The  server  sent data curl couldn't
              parse.

       9      FTP access denied. The server denied login or denied  access  to
              the  particular  resource or directory you wanted to reach. Most
              often you tried to change to a directory that doesn't  exist  on
              the server.

       10     FTP  user/password  incorrect.  Either  one  or  both  were  not
              accepted by the server.

       11     FTP weird PASS reply. Curl couldn't parse the reply sent to  the
              PASS request.

       12     FTP  weird USER reply. Curl couldn't parse the reply sent to the
              USER request.

       13     FTP weird PASV reply, Curl couldn't parse the reply sent to  the
              PASV request.

       14     FTP  weird  227  format.  Curl  couldn't  parse the 227-line the
              server sent.

       15     FTP can't get host. Couldn't resolve the host IP we got  in  the
              227-line.

       16     FTP  can't reconnect. Couldn't connect to the host we got in the
              227-line.

       17     FTP couldn't set binary.  Couldn't  change  transfer  method  to
              binary.

       18     Partial file. Only a part of the file was transferred.

       19     FTP  couldn't download/access the given file, the RETR (or simi-
              lar) command failed.

       20     FTP write error. The transfer was reported bad by the server.

       21     FTP quote error. A quote command returned error from the server.

       22     HTTP  page  not  retrieved.  The  requested url was not found or
              returned another error with the HTTP error  code  being  400  or
              above. This return code only appears if -f/--fail is used.

       23     Write  error.  Curl couldn't write data to a local filesystem or
              similar.

       24     Malformed user. User name badly specified.

       25     FTP couldn't STOR file. The server denied  the  STOR  operation,
              used for FTP uploading.

       26     Read error. Various reading problems.

       27     Out of memory. A memory allocation request failed.

       28     Operation  timeout.  The  specified  time-out period was reached
              according to the conditions.

       29     FTP couldn't set ASCII. The server returned an unknown reply.

       30     FTP PORT failed. The PORT command failed. Not  all  FTP  servers
              support  the  PORT  command,  try  doing  a  transfer using PASV
              instead!

       31     FTP couldn't use REST. The REST command failed. This command  is
              used for resumed FTP transfers.

       32     FTP  couldn't  use SIZE. The SIZE command failed. The command is
              an extension to the original FTP spec RFC 959.

       33     HTTP range error. The range "command" didn't work.

       34     HTTP post error. Internal post-request generation error.

       35     SSL connect error. The SSL handshaking failed.

       36     FTP bad download resume. Couldn't continue  an  earlier  aborted
              download.

       37     FILE couldn't read file. Failed to open the file. Permissions?

       38     LDAP cannot bind. LDAP bind operation failed.

       39     LDAP search failed.

       40     Library not found. The LDAP library was not found.

       41     Function not found. A required LDAP function was not found.

       42     Aborted by callback. An application told curl to abort the oper-
              ation.

       43     Internal error. A function was called with a bad parameter.

       44     Internal error. A function was called in a bad order.

       45     Interface error. A specified outgoing  interface  could  not  be
              used.

       46     Bad  password  entered.  An error was signaled when the password
              was entered.

       47     Too many redirects. When following redirects, curl hit the maxi-
              mum amount.

       48     Unknown TELNET option specified.

       49     Malformed telnet option.

       51     The remote peer's SSL certificate wasn't ok

       52     The  server  didn't  reply anything, which here is considered an
              error.

       53     SSL crypto engine not found

       54     Cannot set SSL crypto engine as default

       55     Failed sending network data

       56     Failure in receiving network data

       57     Share is in use (internal error)

       58     Problem with the local certificate

       59     Couldn't use specified SSL cipher

       60     Problem with the CA cert (path? permission?)

       61     Unrecognized transfer encoding

       62     Invalid LDAP URL

       63     Maximum file size exceeded

       XX     There will appear more error codes here in future releases.  The
              existing ones are meant to never change.


AUTHORS / CONTRIBUTORS

       Daniel  Stenberg is the main author, but the whole list of contributors
       is found in the separate THANKS file.


WWW

       http://curl.haxx.se


FTP

       ftp://ftp.sunet.se/pub/www/utilities/curl/


SEE ALSO

       ftp(1), wget(1)

Curl 7.15.1                       24 Nov 2005                          curl(1)

Man(1) output converted with man2html