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9.14. Array Functions and Operators

Table 9-35 shows the operators available for array types.

Table 9-35. array Operators

OperatorDescriptionExampleResult
= equalARRAY[1.1,2.1,3.1]::int[] = ARRAY[1,2,3]t
<> not equalARRAY[1,2,3] <> ARRAY[1,2,4]t
< less thanARRAY[1,2,3] < ARRAY[1,2,4]t
> greater thanARRAY[1,4,3] > ARRAY[1,2,4]t
<= less than or equalARRAY[1,2,3] <= ARRAY[1,2,3]t
>= greater than or equalARRAY[1,4,3] >= ARRAY[1,4,3]t
|| array-to-array concatenationARRAY[1,2,3] || ARRAY[4,5,6]{1,2,3,4,5,6}
|| array-to-array concatenationARRAY[1,2,3] || ARRAY[[4,5,6],[7,8,9]]{{1,2,3},{4,5,6},{7,8,9}}
|| element-to-array concatenation3 || ARRAY[4,5,6]{3,4,5,6}
|| array-to-element concatenationARRAY[4,5,6] || 7{4,5,6,7}

See Section 8.10 for more details about array operator behavior.

Table 9-36 shows the functions available for use with array types. See Section 8.10 for more discussion and examples of the use of these functions.

Table 9-36. array Functions

FunctionReturn TypeDescriptionExampleResult
array_cat (anyarray, anyarray) anyarrayconcatenate two arraysarray_cat(ARRAY[1,2,3], ARRAY[4,5]){1,2,3,4,5}
array_append (anyarray, anyelement) anyarrayappend an element to the end of an arrayarray_append(ARRAY[1,2], 3){1,2,3}
array_prepend (anyelement, anyarray) anyarrayappend an element to the beginning of an arrayarray_prepend(1, ARRAY[2,3]){1,2,3}
array_dims (anyarray) textreturns a text representation of array's dimensionsarray_dims(ARRAY[[1,2,3], [4,5,6]])[1:2][1:3]
array_lower (anyarray, int) intreturns lower bound of the requested array dimensionarray_lower(array_prepend(0, ARRAY[1,2,3]), 1)0
array_upper (anyarray, int) intreturns upper bound of the requested array dimensionarray_upper(ARRAY[1,2,3,4], 1)4
array_to_string (anyarray, text) textconcatenates array elements using provided delimiterarray_to_string(ARRAY[1, 2, 3], '~^~')1~^~2~^~3
string_to_array (text, text) text[]splits string into array elements using provided delimiterstring_to_array('xx~^~yy~^~zz', '~^~'){xx,yy,zz}